Toe cap: Rigid reinforcement placed at the front of the shoe, between the upper and the lining, to protect the toes from impact and keep the shoe in shape.

Shoe lining: All the features of a shoe that enable it to dress the foot correctly and comfortably.

Reinforcement: Semi-rigid reinforcement placed at the back of the shoe, between the upper and the lining, to hold the heel in place.

Derby: Shoes with "open" lacing, the insoles are sewn onto the upper.

Lining: Inner lining of the shoe, in contact with the foot.

Upper: Front part of the upper, covering the instep and toe of the shoe.

Last: Wooden or plastic mold, representing the volume of the foot, used to manufacture the shoe.

Insoles : Attachments for eyelets or other fasteners.

Last: Action of perfectly positioning the upper on the last in order to assemble it.

Nubuck: Leather whose surface has been finely sanded to give it a soft, velvety appearance.

Trimming: Technique of refining the thickness of leather to make it more supple.

Full Grain: Leather that has kept its upper surface intact. Its properties are exceptional.

Insole: Inner sole of the shoe.

Quarters: Parts of the upper that wrap around the heel and go up to the lacing.

Richelieu: Shoes with "closed" lacing, the quarters are sewn under the vamp.

Upper: All the parts that make up the upper part of the shoe.

Velours: Lower part of the leather, finely sanded for a soft, velvety appearance.